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The oscillation of the perturbation potential energy between the extratropics and tropics in boreal winter

 

Lei Wang,^1,2 Jianping Li,³ Zhanggui Wang,² Yanjie Li⁴ and Fei Zheng⁴

 

1 School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

2 Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China

3 College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, China

4 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

 

ABSTRACT

Correlation analyses reveal that the perturbation potential energy (PPE) in the extratropics and tropics in boreal winters undergoes out-of-phase oscillations (PPE1 extratropics–tropics oscillation, PETO). PETO is closely related to both El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and kinetic energy, furthermore, PETO tends to dominate over the extratropics while ENSO is more important over the tropics. In the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere, positive PETO phases tend to strengthen (weaken) Hadley circulation and to weaken (strengthen) an expanded Ferrel circulation, resulting in equatorward shift of the subtropical jet streams. In addition, precipitation is enhanced in regions of ascending vertical motion, and warmer temperatures are observed in the tropics except over the western Pacific.

 

KEY WORDS: perturbation potential energy (PPE), PPE1 extratropics–tropics oscillation (PETO), kinetic energy, El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Hadley circulation, precipitation
 

PUBLISHED BY: Atmos. Sci. Let., 2014, online, DOI: 10.1002/asl2.532

 

SOURCE: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asl2.532/abstract