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XU GuanHua^1*, GE QuanSheng², GONG Peng³, FANG XiuQi⁴, CHENG BangBo², HE Bin⁵, LUO Yong³ & XU Bing^5,6

 

¹ Ministry of Science and Technology, the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100862, China;

² Institute of Geographical Science and Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;

³ Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

⁴ College of Geography and Remote Sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;

⁵ College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;

⁶ College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

 

Abstract

It is now widely accepted that carbon emission from human activities is an important driving force in global warming, and global change has a deep impact on sustainable development of human society. To meet the challenges of global change, the international community has reached a consensus that developed countries take strict actions in emission reduction, whereas developing countries take spontaneous efforts in reducing emissions under the guiding principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, with an agreed goal to restrict global surface temperature increase due to human activities to within 2°C of pre-industrial levels. However, there is no clear pathway to reach this goal. A number of related questions must be addressed on principles to be followed, research emphasis and policy measures. Here we argue that response policies to address global change issues must be based on balanced development at regional and international levels, and on advancements in science and technology. This requires consideration of harmony not only between humans and nature but also within human societies, to properly deal with the relationship between global change and sustainable development. We must make equal efforts toward carbon emission reduction and carbon sequestration, and toward mitigation and adaptation. There should be more research support to reduce uncertainties in our understanding of global change. Addressing the challenges of global change creates great opportunities for the development of human society. This will facilitate transformation of energy use structure, improve and restore ecological functioning of the earth environment, transform production modes and ways of living in human society, and promote harmonic and balanced development at regional and international levels.

 

KEY WORDS: uncertainty in understanding, principle for mitigation and adaptation, response strategy, development opportunity

 

PUBLISHED BY: CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN, 2013, 58 (25): 3161-3168.

 

DOWNLOAD PDF: http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11434-013-5947-3.pdf